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Hmolpedia


A tattoo of the Clausius inequality (as derived from the Papin engine, below right), the underlying function of the Lewis inequality for natural processes: $\Delta G < 0 \,$ the governing equation of human existence, on a man's hand, holding both a new and burnt match, indicative of the arrow of time; where “the hand represents the capacity of the human mind to analyze and understand natural phenomena, such as the power and imperative of irreversibility.” [4]

A tattoo of the Clausius inequality (as derived from the Papin engine, below right), the underlying function of the Lewis inequality for natural processes:

$\Delta G < 0 \,$

the governing equation of human existence, on a man's hand, holding both a new and burnt match,

indicative of the arrow of time; where “the hand represents the capacity of the human mind to analyze and understand natural phenomena, such as the power and imperative of irreversibility.” [4]

Hmolpedia (eoht.info) or Encyclopedia of Human Thermodynamics, Human Chemistry, and Human Physics (see: etymology), a ‘two cultures’ encyclopedia, is a work-in-progress collectively-written online compendium of 2,500+ articles on the study of the application of the hard sciences of thermodynamics, chemistry, and physics to the analysis of human existence.

“I have just recently found out about the EoHT—a truly marvelous project! I did not think that it could be possible for someone to be able to conduct such a demanding project, but the result itself proves it is possible. Thank you for Hmolpedia.”

— Croatian physicist and mechanical engineer | social free energy theorist [1]

The core Hmolpedia subject is human thermodynamics (branches: 35+), a subfield of animate thermodynamics, inclusive of topics connected to the thermodynamical study of human existence, experience, behavior, and reactivity, as viewed through the laws, inequalities, and moral symbols of thermodynamics, namely those aspects of daily human movement quantified by: heat, work, energy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, activation energy, coupling, irreversibility, extent of reaction, bond energy, spin, and other factors, tending to be quantified as conjugate variable pairs.

The "backbone" of Hmolpedia is the HT pioneers (500+) timeline-table, a chronological listing of the thinkers to have applied thermodynamics to questions of human existence. A good thematic intro to the site is HMS pioneers page (120+), thinkers to have utilized human molecular logic (hmolscience), namely viewing people as individual abstract ‘molecules’ (or particles), such as found in the sub-branch subjects of: human chemistry (HC), human physics (HP), and human thermodynamics (HT); a connective subject is human mathematics (HM). Secondary Hmolpedia backbone pages are the HC pioneers (50+), HP pioneers (40+), and HM pioneers (5+) time-tables; see also: people database (800+). Good utility-pages include: symbols, equations, new pages, member index, objectives, FAQ, and homework problems. Hmolpedia currently draws about 55,000+ (school year) to 35,000+ (summer) page views per month, with an annual growth rate of 100.3% (in terms of visits) since the site's 2007 launch. [2] See also: why is this site here?


The equation overlaid cover of the 2012-launched online, planned 2013 book-published, *Elective Affinities: Illustrated, Annotated, and Decoded, by American electrochemical engineer Libb Thims, based on the 1885 English translation by Hjalmar Boyesen of Goethe's famous 1809 physical chemistry based novella Elective Affinities,* using illustrations, mainly, of Philipp Johann (see: timeline).

The equation overlaid cover of the 2012-launched online, planned 2013 book-published, Elective Affinities: Illustrated, Annotated, and Decoded, by American electrochemical engineer Libb Thims, based on the 1885 English translation by Hjalmar Boyesen of Goethe's famous 1809 physical chemistry based novella Elective Affinities, using illustrations, mainly, of Philipp Johann (see: timeline).

Elective Affinities | Decoded
A current main project of Hmolpedia is the undertaking of the 2012-launched online, slated 2013-book publication, Elective Affinities: Illustrated, Annotated, and Decoded, shown adjacent, the first full book (Elective Affinities, 1809) to be embedded and hyperlinked into the body and structure of Hmolpedia, consisting in structure of about 40+ individual wiki pages: main project page, 36 chapter pages, list of characters (reactants), admirers, enemies, a translations page, table of contents, among others.

_____ “A great revolutionary doctrine pervades the whole.”
____________— Victoria Woodhull (1871), first female US presidential candidate

The main objective of the newly-launched project is to: (a) collect all known nineteenth-century illustrations of German polymath Johann Goethe’s self-defined “best book” , albeit critically-defined most “dangerous” book, yet thinker-defined revolution-containing (see: Goethean revolution) book; to (b) annotate the two-centuries of critical review and commentary on the content of the monumental novella, and to (c) decode the “hidden secrets” Goethe claimed to have embedded in the book in multiple layers of gestalt, most importantly to extract the three-dozen plus Bergman reactions Goethe is said to have used to construct the various chapters of the novella, and lastly to give a modern human chemical thermodynamics upgrade to the entire affinity chemistry (1718-1881) theoretical backbone of the novel, a "principle" (e.g. moral symbols) that Goethe famously said was “true”, using the various versions of Goethe-Helmholtz equation (1882) as a starting point.

Those new to hmolscience are encouraged to read the newly deciphered, decoded, and human chemical reaction explicated online version of Goethe’s greatest publication, chapter-by-chapter, a work that Goethe famous said must be read “three times” for proper understanding.

Note: new project contributors are welcome to join—especially Goethean scholars, chemical thermodynamicists and or physical chemists, and those proficient in the subtleties of German-to-English translation (e.g. see Goethe's “advertisement”); see also: Goethe timeline, Goethe's affinity table, and Goethean human chemistry.

Human chemical thermodynamics
The following schematic gives a cliff notes version of the "core" structure of the Hmolpedia, namely those who model human existence and experience using chemical thermodynamic reaction mechanism formulations, viewed in the big picture structure of the dynamics and spins of the universe.

Johann Goethe (1808) (IQ=230)	“My idea for the new novella is to portray social relationships and their conflicts symbolically: $A + B \rightarrow AB \,$ [and] the moral symbols used in the natural sciences are the elective affinities: $A = T \Delta S - \Delta H \,$ discovered and employed by the great Bergman.”
Christopher Hirata (2000) (IQ=190, 225)	“For many of us, thermochemistry was our first science which involved nontrivial mathematics: $X + Y \leftrightarrow XY \,$ It seems appropriate, therefore, to apply thermochemistry: $-K_B T \ln K_{eq} = \Delta E + P \Delta V - T \Delta S \,$ to relationships.”
Thomas Wallace (2009) (IQ=140+)	“The thermodynamic parameter free energy: $\Delta G = \Delta H - T \Delta S \,$ represents the fundamental driving force in nature and determines whether physical and chemical processes conducted by nature and society will take place [and] the civilization development model [can be] represented by the following equation: where P is the primitive phase, F the feudal phase, S the state phase, I the imperial phase,meaning dynamic equilibrium, and → meaning complete conversion to products.”

Johann Goethe
(1808)
(IQ=230)

“My idea for the new novella is to portray social relationships and their conflicts symbolically:

$A + B \rightarrow AB \,$

[and] the moral symbols used in the natural sciences are the elective affinities:

$A = T \Delta S - \Delta H \,$

discovered and employed by the great Bergman.”

Christopher Hirata
(2000)
(IQ=190, 225)

“For many of us, thermochemistry was our first science which involved nontrivial mathematics:

$X + Y \leftrightarrow XY \,$

It seems appropriate, therefore, to apply thermochemistry:

$-K_B T \ln K_{eq} = \Delta E + P \Delta V - T \Delta S \,$

to relationships.”

Thomas Wallace
(2009)
(IQ=140+)

“The thermodynamic parameter free energy:

$\Delta G = \Delta H - T \Delta S \,$

represents the fundamental driving force in nature and determines whether physical and chemical processes conducted by nature and society will take place [and] the civilization development model [can be] represented by the following equation:

where P is the primitive phase, F the feudal phase, S the state phase, I the imperial phase,

meaning dynamic equilibrium, and → meaning complete conversion to products.”

The first two individuals, of curiosity, Johann Goethe (theory conceived: 1796 [age 47]) and Christopher Hirata (theory conceived: 1996-2000 [circa age 16]), each have been independently assigned with a very rare ceiling range intelligence of IQ=225+ (only a handful of adults have ever been cited in this range), and each "independently" have arrived at the very same essential theory (see: Kuhn on scientific revolutions | Goethean revolution), namely describing humans as animate chemicals, atomic geometries, or human molecules, both defining people "symbolically", as Goethe says, using Swedish chemist Torbern Bergman's pioneering 1775 letter chemical symbol notation—namely A and B (or X and Y) being representative of "single" humans (human molecules); AB or XY being chemically "bonded" humans in relationships (dihumanide molecules)—and in this framework, conceptually defining human experience and states of existence using chemical thermodynamic formulation (Hirata) or affinity chemistry formulation (Goethe), using the variables chemical affinity A, entropy S, or equilibrium constants K, respectively. Both Goethe and Hirata can be classified, using a very rare epitaph, as "human chemical thermodynamicists", namely scientists who study interacting humans, from the reactive systems (advanced perspective), chemical thermodynamics (or affinity chemistry) point of view, specifically viewing individual people as freely-going surface-attached human molecules or human chemicals that form and break chemical bonds (see: human chemical bond) to each other, produce or absorb work, and transform as they go through the course of their reaction existence.

The third individual, American physical chemist and college president Thomas Wallace, is a relative newcomer, but uses the same general chemical mechanism logic, only applied to the study of the rise and fall of civilizations. To elaborate further, the following outlines the gist of this Goethe-Hirata-Wallace cliff notes synthesis, a subject that can be classified under the rubric of hmolscience, namely the umbrella subject of physics, chemistry, and or thermodynamics applied to the study of human behavior—humans, themselves, renamed, using a periodic table framed nomenclature, such as: human molecules, human moles, human particles, human chemicals, human elements, human chemical elements, atomic geometries, human atomisms, human fluids, or hmols, among other atomic-based namesakes:

“There are, by nature, stronger or weaker bonds between chemical components, and when they evidence themselves, they resemble attractions between humans. This is why chemists speak of elective affinities [A = -ΔG], even though the forces that move chemicals [or humans] one way or another and create chemical structures are often purely external in origin.” — Goethe, Lectures on Anatomy (1796)

“There are, by nature, stronger or weaker bonds between chemical components, and when they evidence themselves, they resemble attractions between humans. This is why chemists speak of elective affinities [A = -ΔG], even though the forces that move chemicals [or humans] one way or another and create chemical structures are often purely external in origin.”

— Goethe, Lectures on Anatomy (1796)

In the above depiction, we see the Goethe-Helmholtz equation [A = -ΔG], the notion of chemical affinity, symbol A, itself, first defined as being applicable to humans verbally by Empedocles (450BC); first defined as governing human-human reactions (sexual or social) by Goethe (1796); first defined as being quantified by the free energy change of a reaction or process by Helmholtz (1882), as contrasted with the now-defunct Thomsen-Berthelot principle (1854); first defined such that the chemical thermodynamic quantity "-ΔG" is the driving force of a reaction, specifically a freely-running isothermal-isobaric reaction (the kind that occur between freely-going humans, i.e. unslaved-to-work humans or human reactions not "harnessed for the production of useful work", as Lewis says; in which case the equation -ΔG > w' applies, where w' is the net work), by Lewis as he explains in his famous 1923 thermodynamic bible; first defined as being applicable to the "predictions" of human chemical reactions by Thims (1995); first defined graphically in terms of reaction coordinates by Hwang (2001); and first defined as governing the rise and fall of civilizations by Wallace (2009). For a more detailed historical listing of the known 40+ thinkers involved in the development of this new chemical thermodynamic approach to the study of human existence, see the human free energy timeline; see also the ABC model of will for a retinal molecule example of how forces "external in origin" induce movement in animate molecules or animate matter.


An alpha molecule depiction of pressure-volume boundary (personal space) expansion work (PV work), quantified by the formula dW = PdV, from the 2004 film Mean Girls, of a system transforming from state one to state two.

An alpha molecule depiction of pressure-volume boundary (personal space) expansion work (PV work), quantified by the formula dW = PdV, from the 2004 film Mean Girls, of a system transforming from state one to state two.

Energy | Pressure volume work
A good simple visual introduction, representative of hmolscience concepts, is that of human reaction pressure volume work W, a central human thermodynamics calculation, as depicted adjacent (a scene from the 2004 film Mean Girls). In this depiction of differential change of volumetric space, the alpha female (human molecule), flanked by two beta females, enter a room, which thus acts to trigger a transformation reaction and correlative volume increase dV in personal space, a volume increment quantified by the product of surface element dσ (d-sigma) and displacement element dn, worked by a variant of human social pressure P, or social force per unit area, directed radially outward from the alpha female, the type of force being the electromagnetic force (exchange force). The amount of human PV work for his differential change of social interaction is thus calculated by the following integral:

-------- $W = \int_{V_1}^{V_2} PdV \,$

which quantifies the work done by the system on going from an initial state (1) to a final state (2), the magnitude of this work measured in SI units of joules.

Thermodynamics news (more) (top 15)

Thermodynamics news (more) (top 15)

How: can I help?
The Hmolpedia is built on the framework of a Wetpaint wiki. Wetpaint is essentially like Wikipedia, albeit more functionable, meaning that each (unlocked) page can be edited by anyone. If, subsequently, you are familiar with how "wikis", meaning quick-edit software, work and with the theories, terms, conceptions or ideas, e.g. entropy and life, of those HT pioneers, who have thermodynamically theorized about the process of human activity, then first start an account (or contribute anonymously), second give the practice page or sandbox a test run to see how the editing tools work, and then help out in the following areas:

Please read: "Editing Rules" (before adding or editing pages).
Use the EoHT beta wiki(see logo below) first if you are a greenhorn and have new, original, unreferenced, philosophical, metaphysical, new age, religious, or sandbox ideas or theories to develop or overly long thread posts to make (where a sandbox page would be better).
To edit pages, use Firefox (works best) or Internet Explorer (see: browser support)
Add references, photos, factoids, polls, videos, material, etc. to existing articles.
Help with language translations: Italian, French, or Farsi (see: English translations needed)
Start articles or stubbies on related topics (e.g. see: list of articles to write).
Join in with thread comment, discussion, cleaning, and or editing of these articles.

One of the best ways to help is simply by skimming the Hmolpedia weekly digest email newsletter and then comment back on the piqued items (articles, videos, images, etc.) of interest in thread posts.

Thermodynamics: library
The core of the Hmolpedia is American electrochemical engineer Libb Thims' growing collection of 320+ thermodynamics books, from which terms, factoids, equations, theory, history, trivia, biographies, derivations, overviews of famous publications, and references, etc., are slowly uploaded, wiki-style, online:


Pierre Perrot’s 1998 A to Z of Thermodynamics dictionary servers as a back-bone and model template to many of the Hmolpedia articles.		Some of the core books in Libb Thims' 300+ thermodynamics book collection: the three most germane to human thermodynamics being: (1) Clausius' 1865 Mechanical Theory of Heat, (2) Gibbs' 1876 Equilibrium on the Heterogeneous Substances, and (3) Lewis' 1923 Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances.		Online manuscript construction and discussion		Draft cover of possible future hardcover multi-volume: Encyclopedia of Human Thermodynamics.

“No human investigation can be called real science if it cannot be demonstrated mathematically.”

– Leonardo da Vinci (c.1490), Italian polymath


A free energy (human free energy) view of human formation (synthesis), from American physicist Daniel Schroeder's 2000 Thermal Physics: “To create a [human] out of nothing and place it on the table, the magician need not summon up the entire enthalpy, H = U + PV. Some energy, equal to TS, can flow in spontaneously as heat; the magician must provide only the difference, G = H – TS, as work.” according to which the formation or "human free energy of formation" of an individual human (human molecule) in a given "state" of existence (e.g. birth, college, relationship, marriage, occupation, retirement, etc.) requires a certain amount of quantifiable Gibbs free energy "decrease" (universal rule) to occur (see also: prediction, naturalness, destiny, spontaneity, and spontaneity rule).

A free energy (human free energy) view of human formation (synthesis), from American physicist Daniel Schroeder's 2000 Thermal Physics:

“To create a [human] out of nothing and place it on the table, the magician need not summon up the entire enthalpy, H = U + PV. Some energy, equal to TS, can flow in spontaneously as heat; the magician must provide only the difference, G = H – TS, as work.”

according to which the formation or "human free energy of formation" of an individual human (human molecule) in a given "state" of existence (e.g. birth, college, relationship, marriage, occupation, retirement, etc.) requires a certain amount of quantifiable Gibbs free energy "decrease" (universal rule) to occur (see also: prediction, naturalness, destiny, spontaneity, and spontaneity rule).

Thermodynamics
One overarching aim of Hmolpedia is to slowly become the Internet's #1 go-to site for information on "thermodynamics", the science of the relationship between heat Q and work W. Hmolpedia is a #4 top thermodynamics site, according to TopSite.com. [3]

Hmolpedia is a place for collaboration on HMS-related topics such: entropology, molecular evolution tables, dissipative structures, chaos, Maxwell's demon, drive, free will, morality, good vs evil, theories of existence, love the chemical reaction, Prigoginean thermodynamics, the history of thermodynamics, the defunct theory of life, etc.

“Everything that takes place is determined by laws of nature—and this holds for the actions of people.”
_____– Albert Einstein (1936)

The various branches of HT, such as psychodynamics, economic thermodynamics, anthropological thermodynamics, political thermodynamics, sociological thermodynamics, history thermodynamics, business thermodynamics, religious thermodynamics, philosophical thermodynamics, hierarchical thermodynamics, political thermodynamics, government thermodynamics, war thermodynamics, among others, as listed in adjacent dropmenu.


A significant viewpoint adhered to in the hmolsciences is the "animate matter" perspective, introduced by Alfred Ubbelohde in the 1940s, namely that from the viewpoint of chemistry, physics, and in particular thermodynamics, the concept of "life" (or "bio") is something that does not exist (see: defunct theory of life), but rather that which exists, previously considered to be "alive", is but higher levels of atomic reactivity, animation, and prolonged and driven bound state existence.

A significant viewpoint adhered to in the hmolsciences is the "animate matter" perspective, introduced by Alfred Ubbelohde in the 1940s, namely that from the viewpoint of chemistry, physics, and in particular thermodynamics, the concept of "life" (or "bio") is something that does not exist (see: defunct theory of life), but rather that which exists, previously considered to be "alive", is but higher levels of atomic reactivity, animation, and prolonged and driven bound state existence.

Animate perspective
A significant and somewhat perception altering point-of-view followed in the hmolsciences, throughout the majority of the Hmolpedia articles, and in human thermodynamics in particular, is the view that "life" is something that does not exist. The view that "life" is something that does not exist (see: defunct theory of life), however, is not an immediately recognizable fact or conclusion that one is able to arrive at on first pass or even after prolonged investigation and introspection and is something akin to not being able to see the ships in the harbor mixed in with not being able to see the forest among the trees and takes several years to work through the mind (see: glass walls; reverse engineering; thought experiment).

The classic penetration into this query was Austrian physicist Erwin Schrodinger's famous 1944 lecture What is Life?, during which time he told his audience that according to physics and chemistry life is something that "feeds on negative entropy"; but after which he was attacked by his fellow physicists and was forced to append a Note to Chapter 6 in which he explained that correctly the discussion should be turned to free energy, which he defined as a "highly technical, rather intricate concept, whose relation to the Boltzmann order-disorder principle is less easy to trace."

When the discussion did in fact turn to free energy, in the decades to follow (see: human free energy), in particular on the question of the search for the "origin of life", namely the search for the exact second that "life" was supposedly born from "non-life" or so-called "carbon-based life" created from "inorganic life", described precisely in terms of Gibbs free energy changes, the concept of life becomes untenable and in fact defunct at the atomic/chemical/molecular level, after which one is ether forced to side with either (a) panpsychism (an everything is alive point of view), the (b) the emergence or life principle view, or (c) the animate perspective (carbon-based molecules animate via induced movements and exchange forces point of view). The latter choice is the correct answer.


A CPK-style synthesis of man "from hydrogen to human" diagram, made by Canadian designer Shawn LaPaix (2005), depicting of the standard model of human existence: namely that 13.7 billion years ago (big bang), hydrogen atoms formed (from subatomic particles); 4.7 billion years ago (nebular hypothesis) the sun-earth system formed; 150,000 years ago, in the East African Rift Valley, the "human molecule" formed (see: evolution timeline), comprised of about 22-26 types of hydrogen atom derivatives, called elements, two decades ago the Internet formed (1991), and in 2000 the human molecular formula was calculated by Sterner and Elser.

We are but complicated molecules (no boarder)

A CPK-style synthesis of man "from hydrogen to human" diagram, made by Canadian designer Shawn LaPaix (2005), depicting of the standard model of human existence: namely that 13.7 billion years ago (big bang), hydrogen atoms formed (from subatomic particles); 4.7 billion years ago (nebular hypothesis) the sun-earth system formed; 150,000 years ago, in the East African Rift Valley, the "human molecule" formed (see: evolution timeline), comprised of about 22-26 types of hydrogen atom derivatives, called elements, two decades ago the Internet formed (1991), and in 2000 the human molecular formula was calculated by Sterner and Elser.

Chemistry, physics, and thermodynamics, in short, do not know the word life (a mythological term), and as such one is thus forced, if one is to be cogent with modern knowledge, to migrate to the "animate perspective" in which moving breathing noise making things such as lizards (above) or people are viewed as types of animate matter, with a measurable molecular formula, and metabolic-based atomic turnover rate, used in place of the now-outdated living matter/dead matter classification scheme.

“Chemistry does not know the word life.”

– Charles Sherrington (1940)

Throughout the application of thermodynamics, chemistry, and physics applied to humans (and human experience), and in a general sense to those moving entities (animate matter; animate molecule; animate chemicals) found in what was previously called the "biosphere" (sphere of atomic animation), the subjects of animate thermodynamics, animate chemistry, and animate physics, and their respective terminologies (synthesized vs born; reactive vs alive; end or termination vs death; inert or non-reactive vs dead; etc.), are to be employed in place of the now defunct terms "life thermodynamics" (biological thermodynamics, biochemical thermodynamics, or biothermodynamics), life chemistry (or biochemistry), or life physics (biophysics), animolecule (vs biomolecule or biocule), or ani-chemical (vs. biochemical), etc., among other corrective terms.

Spotlight thinkers
The following are key thinkers with significantly interesting and theoretically deep points of views to be investigated and studied—nearly all of whom derived their existence explanation theories and models, independently, straight from the hard sciences (chemistry, physics, and thermodynamics):

Léon Winiarski (1865-1915)	Antonio Portuondo (1845-1927)	Gustave Hirn (1815-1890)					Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932)	Georges Guillaume (c.1904-c.1974)	Francis Edgeworth (1845-1926)
Frederick Rossini (1899-1990)	Erwin Bauer (1890-1938)	Pitirim Sorokin (1889-1968)					Mehdi Bazargan (1907-1995)	John Neumann (1903-1957)	Spiru Haret (1851-1912)
Robert Lindsay (1900-1985)	Teresa Brennan (1952-2003)	Jeffrey Wicken (1942-2002)					Arthur Iberall (1918-2002)		Ettore Majorana (1906-1938)
Ed Stephan (1939-2008)	Jeremy Adler (1947-)	Jurgen Mimkes (1939-)	The "ΘΔics" symbol, the icon found at the bottom of every Hmolpedia article, James Maxwell's famous coded shorthand for "thermodynamics", the science that governs the known universe, shown on a US one dollar bill, meaning, for the modern physical scientist, "In Thermodynamics We Trust" is our motto; substituted for the original 1956 now-defunct statement "In God We Trust", as adhered to in the belief systems of the general public (see: existence of God).				Sture Nordholm (1944-)	Reiner Kummel (1939-)	Adriaan de Lange (1945-)
Maurice Hauriou (1856-1929)	Enrique Serrano (1845-1918)	Eduard Sacher (c.1830-c.1910)	Henry Adams (1838-1918)	Yuri Tarnopolsky (1936-)	Lester Ward (1841-1913)	Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860)	John Q. Stewart (1894-1972)	Henry Carey (1793-1879)	Nicolas Rashevsky (1899-1972)

Site feeds
The following are site feed snippets of recent hot discussions, new photos, or new members (or noted members). Please feel free to partake in the action:

See also ● Hmolpedia (reviews)	References 1. Croatian physicist, comment to site creator Sadi-Carnot (13 Apr 2009). 2. (a) Google Analytics (Nov 2011); (b) EoHT.info (traffic rank) - Alexa.com.	3. Top Thermodynamics Sites (top site #4) - TopSite.com. 4. (a) Irreversibility (photo); (b) Irreversibility – Flickr (Italian → English). Images ● Glaser, Peter. (2011). “Die Wahlverwandtschaften” (The Elective Affinities), Glaserei Blog, Sep 9.

“The time may come when human affairs may be described no longer by words and sentences, but by a system of symbols or notation similar to those used in algebra or chemistry … then it may be possible, as Adams suggests, to invent a common formula for thermodynamics and history.” – William Thayer (1918), American historian

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Anonymous

Goetheian philosophy

Thursday, 10:35 AM EDT by Sadi-Carnot

Thread started: Thursday, 7:18 AM EDT Watch

I'm not sure whether I spell it right, but could you tell me what Goetheian philosophy is?

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Anonymous

A New Periodic Table

Mar 20 2012, 3:31 PM EDT by Sadi-Carnot

Thread started: Mar 20 2012, 1:10 PM EDT Watch

Just wondering if this site would include something about The Rota Period?

http://www.rotaperiod.com

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GGladyshev

Relaxation

Jul 14 2011, 1:19 PM EDT by Anonymous

Thread started: Feb 2 2011, 6:48 AM EST Watch

I think that should be an article in EoHT : "Time of relaxation of evolutionary processes". This will avoid the confusion with the terminology and any concepts.
One of the definitions for a thermodynamic system: “Relaxation - the process leading to the establishment of thermodynamic equilibrium in macroscopic thermodynamic systems. It should be taken into account that the equilibrium state can be determined by a large number of parameters, and the processes of achieving equilibria with respect to different parameters can go in different ways and at different rates. Relaxation is quantitatively characterised by the relaxation time.“

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