In science, Aristotle (384-322BC) was a Greek philosopher noted for coining the term energy, for his views on the existence of a vacuum or void, for his theory of the four elements and their interrelationship, and on heat in relation to reproduction. The following is Aristotle’s views on fire: [6]

“For any two portions of fire, small or great, will exhibit the same ratio of solid to void; but the upward movement of the greater is quicker than that of the less, just as the downward movement of a mass of gold or lead, or any other body endowed with weight, is quicker in proportion to its size.”

English accelerated learning expert Tony Buzan estimates Aristotle's intelligence as IQ = 190, listing him among the smartest of all time geniuses. [5] Aristotle was the first to document the Mpemba effect, which he attempted to explain using a theory called 'antiperstasis'. [7]

Education
Aristotle was a student of Plato.

Vacuums
In the famous two-thousand year nature abhors a vacuum debate, Aristotle declaring the famous dictum horror vacui, on the logic that in a complete vacuum infinite speed would be possible because motion would encounter no resistance, hence if infinite speed was impossible, so to is a vacuum.

Energy
In his 350BC book Metaphysics, Aristotle used the term enérgeia to mean act or ‘activity’, ‘actuality’, or in a literal sense ‘(a state of) functioning’, deriving from energos "active, working," from en- "at" + ergon "work". [1] Aristotle used the term enérgeia to clarify, in one sense, the definition of “being” as potency (dýnamis) and act (enérgeia).

Heat
In his c.350BC De Generatione Animalium, Aristotle postulated that the mode of animal reproduction is determined by a “vital heat” of the animal. The warmer an animal is, Aristotle reasoned, the more perfect will be the state in which its young are generated. [2] Live young are produced by the hotter animals; colder ones produce eggs; the coldest of all, such as insects, produce a larva which in turn produces an egg. [3]

Elements
Aristotle argued that there are four elements out of which all is made: earth, air, water, fire. Each of the four earthly elements has its natural place; the earth at the center of the universe, then water, then air, then fire. When they are out of their natural place they have natural motion, requiring no external cause, which is towards that place; so bodies sink in water, air bubbles rise up, rain falls, flame rises in air. [4]

References
1. (a) Libbrecht, Ulrich. (2007). Within the Four Seas: Introduction to Comparative Philosophy, (pg. 233). Peeters Publishers.
(b) Energy (etymology) - Online Etymology Dictionary.
2. Mendelsohn, Everett I. (1964). Heat and Life: the Development of the Theory of Animal Heat (pg. 13). Harvard University Press.
3. Aristotle. (c. 350 BC). De Generatione Animalium, 733 a 34-b 17.
4. Aristotle. (350BC). Physics. Greece.
5. (a) Buzan, Tony and Keene, Ray. (2005). Buzan’s Book of Mental World Records (IQ table: World’s top 14 all-time highest IQs (180-220), pg. 31). D&B Publishing.
(b) Buzan, Tony and Keene, Raymond. (1994). Book of Genius. Stanley Paul.
6. (a) Aristotle, 309b, 11-5. In Jonathan Barnes (ed.), The Complete Works of Aristotle (1984), Vol. I, 505.
(b) Daintith, John. (2005). Oxford Dictionary of Quotations. Oxford University Press.
7. (a) Shachtman, Tom. (1999). Absolute Zero and the Quest for Absolute Cold (pgs. 17, 28). Mariner Books
(b) Jeng, Monwhea. (1998). “Can Hot Water Freeze Faster than Cold Water?”, Department of Physics, University of California.

External links
● Aristotle – Wikipedia.