In 1936, Thone, in his article “Nature Ramblings: ‘Chnops,’ Plus”, describes plants and animals, chemically, as “
Chnops plus” [
CHNOPS+] systems, via employing the following labeled by him visual:
In other words, he described biological systems as systems comprised of the elements:
carbon,
hydrogen,
nitrogen,
oxygen,
phosphorus, sulfur (
CHNOPS) plus potassium and
calcium, among others. [1]