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“It is a well-known fact that the likely contacts of two individuals who are closely acquainted tend to be more overlapping than those of two arbitrarily selected individuals.”
In the liquid state, freely floating water molecules associate with each other through ‘hydrogen bonds’ in which part of the negative charge (2δ-) of the oxygen atom (shown in red) from one molecule stabilizes in bonding interaction, via an exchange force, with part of the positive charge (δ+) of hydrogen atoms from another water molecule; creating a loose tetrahedral binding geometry in the structure of the associative bonds. |
Granovetter’s fig 1 showing the forbidden triad, depicting person A in a strong bond (AC) with person C, and also in a strong bond (AB) with person B, showing no connection between person C and B, which Granovetter says can never occur, in that a B-C ‘tie’ (weather weak or strong) will always be present. Granovetter's fig 2, parts a and b, showing strong ties (), weak ties ( – – – – – – ), and 'local bridges' between groups. |
Left: Hydrogen bonds (dashed lines) and covalent bonds (straight lines), representing weak and strong ties in water molecule associations. Right: Strong ties, weak ties, and absent ties in an association of ten human molecules. [2] |
Left: 2007 weak ties / strong ties diagram [3] Middle: 2008 weak ties / strong ties diagram. [4] Right: 2010 weak ties / strong ties diagram. [5] |