In human thermodynamics, a molecular evolution table shows the linear build up of atomic structure in animate molecular structures over the course of the last 13.7 billion years of universal activity from sub-atomic particles, to atoms, to hydrogen molecules, to DNA, to bacteria molecules, to human molecules, etc. The first basic molecular evolution table was calculated by American chemical engineer Libb Thims in 2005, and is shown below: [1]

Overview
In an 1871 letter written by English naturalist Charles Darwin to English botanist Joseph Hooker, Darwin made the suggestion that:

"[The original spark of life may have begun in] a warm little pond, with all sorts of ammonia and phosphoric salts, lights, heat, electricity, etc. present, so that a protein compound was chemically formed ready to undergo still more complex changes."

In this sense, all life is postulated to be a descendent from a protein compound, formed in a heated pond many years ago. In modern terms, as fossil records indicate that bacteria existed on the surface of the earth 3.85 billion years ago, an unsolved debate of sorts or puzzle exists as to what life-forms came before bacteria?

A single bacterium, however, is in itself a very large animated molecule, such as the colony or cluster of 20-30 Escherichia coli bacterial units (bacteria molecules) attached to a substrate, as pictured adjacent, comprised of about 10 billion carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, among twelve other atom types, e.g. nitrogen, phosphorous, sodium, etc., in various quantities. To form such a large molecule, form a chemical point of view, an assemble-type “chemical reaction” would be needed. This assumes that there were “reactants” that went into the formation of the first bacteria unit (product), and that there were prior energetically-coupled connective reaction mechanisms prior to the bacterial reactions.

In contrast to this mechanism view, the majority of modern scientists remain in the dark as to the fictional dichotomy between life and non-life or animate and inanimate. At the September 2000, ‘What is Life?’ conference, held in Modena, Italy, attended by about a hundred scientists, philosophers, and theologians, for instance, there was no consensus as to what the first form of life was. In particular, regarding this question, a debate erupted between the scientists. One expert on lipid molecules argued that life began with the formation of the first semipermeable lipid membrane, a structure that encases cells. A noted metabolism researcher argued that life began with the first metabolic cycle, thus giving cells the power to convert energy and atoms into useful molecules. The molecular biologists were adamant that that the first living entity must have been an RNA-like genetic system that carried and duplicated biological information. One mineralogist even threw out the wild card that the first life was a self-replicating mineral. [7]

In contrast to this view, the "molecule evolution table approach", i.e. a table of the ancestors (with molecular formulas) of the human being, assumes continuity in the chemical mechanism (or mechanism) involved between the assembly of the first hydrogen atoms in the universe, 13.7 billion years ago, and later formation of the first human molecule (150,000 years ago), i.e. the first anatomically correct modern human. This table is shown below:

92	OE50FeE49SiE49MgE49SE48AlE48NiE48CaE48CrE47NaE46KE46HE46TiE46FE45CE45PE45MnE44SrE44BaE44ClE44 VE44LiE44ZrE43RbE43ZnE44CuE43NE43BE43CeE43CoE43ScE43NdE43GaE43BeE43LaE42NbE42PbE42PrE42 SmE42ThE42GdE42DyE42YE42GeE42ArE42ErE41CsE41UrE41HfE41YbE41SnE41EuE41TaE41AsE41MoE41HoE41 WE41TbE41BrE41TlE40LuE40TmE40HeE40SbE40IE40CdE40InE40AgE40SeE40HgE39BiE39TeE39RuE38PdE38 AuE38PtE38NeE38ReE38RhE37OsE37KrE36IrE35XeE35RaE35PaE32AcE30AtE30PoE30RnE28TcE23PmE23FrE23	Earth	4.5 BYA
67	HE57HeE56OE54CE53NeE53NE53FeE52SiE53MgE52SE52	Sun	10 BYA

Discussion
In 2005, an observation in reference to the molecular evolution table came from Italian physician Sebastiano Venturi, an expert in iodine deficiency, metabolism, and evolution research. Venturi notes that, according to his iodine research, the incorporation of atomic iodine into biological molecular structure, such as iodocarbons, may have began in Cyanobacteria, as a primitive antioxidant, probably about 3.5 BYA. The current table, by contrast, does not list iodine in the molecular formula for bacteria. In short, Venturi agrees with the structure of the molecular evolution, he only points out that further research will be needed to calculate more exact formulas and to find more exact elemental incorporation rates chronologically.

In 2008, Russian physical chemist Georgi Gladyshev argued that his principle of substance stability finds proof in Thims’ molecular evolution table. [6] Specifically, in 1978, Gladyshev wrote “after the concluding stages of general evolution the concentration of free energy occurs not only owing to the growth of the chemical component G j-m (molecular) and higher order components, but also owing to the G-j at (atomic) component (as well as to other components not considered here).” [2] In these early formulations of the principle of substance stability, Gladyshev understood, from the viewpoint of hierarchical thermodynamics, the importance of the atomic component (G j-at) for the understanding of direction of biological evolution.

The chemical substances with heavy elements (metals), for instance, according to Gladyshev, have lower chemical thermodynamic stability and decompose (depredate) faster in the comparison of chemical substances with light elements. Examples include salts of organic acids (formiates, oxalates, many chelate compounds, carbonyls and so on). Publications on the stabilization of polymers by using of acceptors of oxygen which we generate from formic and oxalic salts corroborate these postulates. [5] The same situation, according to Gladyshev, should be found with the variation of isotope concentration of elements during ontogenesis and phylogenesis. [3] Likewise, the build up principle, Gladyshev states, should have correlation in the chemical and supramolecular stability of general organic chemistry. [4]

References
1. (a) Key: YAB = years after bang, BYA = billion years ago, MYA = million years ago, the shorthand "E" used in formula means to the power of 10 (as indicated by the number to the right of the symbol), e.g. 3E5 = 3 x 10^5 or CE22 = 10^22 carbon atoms.
(b) Thims, Libb. (2002). Human Thermodynamics (Volume One), (revised 2005 edition) (manuscript). Chicago: Institute of Human Thermodynamics.
(c) Thims, Libb. (2007). Human Chemistry (Volume One), (preview), (ch. 5: "Molecular Evolution", pgs. 121-146). Morrisville, NC: LuLu.
(c) Molecular Evolution Table - Institute of Human Thermodynamics
2. Gladyshev, Georgi, P. (1978). "On the Thermodynamics of Biological Evolution", Journal of Theoretical Biology, Vol. 75, Issue 4, Dec 21, pp. 425-441.
3. (a) Gladyshev, G. P. (1976). J. Polymer Sci., Polymer Chem. Ed., 14, 1753-1759.
(b) Gladyshev, G. P. (1988). Thermodynamics and Macrokinetics of Natural Hierarchic Processes (in Russian), Nauka, Moscow.
(c) Article in: Russian Chemical Encyclopedia (Author - Г. П. Гладышев = G. P. Gladyshev).
4. Gladyshev, G.P. (2000). “On the Principle of Substance Stability and Thermodynamic Feedback in Hierarchic Systems of Bioworld.” (PDF). Biology Bulletin, Vol. 29, No. 1, pg. 1-4.
5. Sebastiano Venturi, MD (Italy) (2005). “Comments to the IoHT on the Molecular Evolution Table.” Selected publications; Iodine and evolution.
6. Email communicates from Georgi Gladyshev to Libb Thims, January 2008. 7. Hazen, R.N. (2005). Genesis: the Scientific Quest for Life’s Origin. Washington: Joseph Henry Press.

External links
● Evolution Poster – Zazzle.com
● Evolution (Advanced View) - YouTube.com