In 1882, German philosophy Friedrich Nietzsche, student of Arthur Schopenhauer—Germany’s first admitted and inexorable atheist (himself trained by Goethe, promulgator of physical chemical morality theory)—declared “God is dead!”; in 1886, Nietzsche published Beyond Good and Evil: Prelude to a Philosophy of the Future; in 1888, before going insane, he drafted Will to Power, the last pages of which were devoted to figuring out how to replace the defunct theory of god with the newly-arising field of thermodynamics; in 1942, Nietzsche was declared, by Albert Camus, to be the “greatest of god’s assassins.” |