Johannes ReinkeIn hmolscience, Johannes Reinke (1849-1931) was a German botanist and philosopher noted for []

Overview
In 1899, Reinke, in his The World as Fact, critically contested Ernst Haeckel’s monism with a batch of cosmological dualism, written with “admirable lucidity and clarity”, according to Haeckel, the gist argument of which summarized as follows: [1]

God restricted his interference to two creative acts. First he created the inorganic world, mere dead substance, to which alone the law of energy applies, working blindly and aimlessly in the mechanism of material things and the building of the mountains; then god attained intelligence and communicated it to the purposive intelligent forces which initiate and control organic evolution.”

Inorganic nature, according to Reinke, is governed by physical and chemical forces, whereas organic nature is governed by “intelligent forces”, that are regulative or dominant forces.

In 2012, German botanist Volker Wissemann, in his Johannes Reinke: the life and work of a Lutheran botanist, digresses on Reinke’s religion + science reconciliation efforts, the abstract of which is as follows: [2]

“Modern science is daily concerned with unraveling the mysteries of life. And yet the example of Johannes Reinke shows that there is great agreement between natural science and religion. The life of the German botanist Johannes Reinke (1849-1931) is an example for the conflict between natural science and beliefs at the turn of the 20th century, under the influence of Charles Darwin and Ernst Haeckel. Reinke represented a philosophy in which the unity of natural science and religion was prominent and vital, to both liturgy and to earning a living. Two previously unknown writings of the botanist, professor, writer, politician, philosopher and Lutheran protagonist Johannes Reinke are republished in this volume.”

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References
1. (a) Reinke, Johannes. (1899). The World as Fact (Die Welt als That). Publisher.
(b) Haeckel, Ernst. (1899). The Riddle of the Universe: at the Close of the Nineteenth Century (translator: Joseph McCabe) (pgs. 236, 255). Harper & Brother, 1900.
2. Reinke, Johannes. (2012). Johannes Reinke: the Life and Work of a Lutheran Botanist (Johannes Reinke: Leben und Werk eines lutherischen Botanikers) (editor: Volker Wissemann) (abs). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

External links
Johannes Reinke – Wikipedia.

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