Thermodynamic Theory of the Evolution of Living Beings
Georgi Gladyshev's 1997 book positing the existence of "living beings." [3]
In terminology, living being is an oft-used loaded expression, used to define a person, animal, or other life form, as both "alive" and “being”, both metaphysical conceptions.

Overview
In 1997, Russian physical chemist Georgi Gladyshev, in his Thermodynamic Theory of the Evolution of Living Beings, posited that thermodynamics understands both "being" and "life" as something (a) some thing that exists and (b) that each of these has arisen in the course of evolution from atoms and molecules. [3]

Quotes
The following are related quotes:

“Is it necessary to regard the demon as a living being?”
— Hendrick van Ness (1969), Understanding Thermodynamics [1]

“The challenge of being a living being is much more demanding than the challenge of being a refrigerator. What Schrodinger is pointing to here is the bearing of the entropy principle, or the second law of thermodynamics, on the characterization of living beings.”
— Srdan Lelas (2002), Science and Modernity [2]

See also
● Being and becoming
● Heraclitus vs Parmenides

References
1. Van Ness, Hendrick C. (1969). Understanding Thermodynamics (keywork: living being, pg. 84). Dover.
2. Lelas, Srdan. (2002). Science and Modernity: Toward an Integral theory of Science (ch. 5: Life, pgs. 64-77, esp. pg. 70). Springer.
3. Gladyshev, Georgi. (1997). Thermodynamic Theory of the Evolution of Living Beings. Nova Science Publisher.

Further reading
● Laurance, Jeremy. (2008). “A Clump of Cells? Or a Living Being with a Soul?”, The Independent: Science, 26 March.

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