Architectural thermodynamicsThis is a featured page

In human thermodynamics, architectural thermodynamics is the use of concepts, such as energy and entropy, and the laws of thermodynamics in architectural design or theory, in individual unit, buildings, or city planning. Pioneers in this field include English urban architect Alan Wilson (1970) Italian architect Luis Fernández-Galiano (1991). [1] Likewise, since 1995, Australian-born American mathematician and architect Nikos Salingaros has done a significant amount of theorizing in this field, albeit using a mixture of verbalized analogies, unitless thermodynamic variables, e.g. architectural entropy and architectural temperature, chaos theory, and complexity, geared to match building design with emotional comfort and beauty. [2]

References
1. (a) Wilson, A.G. (1970). Entropy in Urban and Regional Modelling (ch. 1: What is Entropy?, pg. 1; ch. 7: Entropy, Social Physics, and General Systems Theory, pg. 112; etc.). London: Pion.
(b) Fernández-Galiano, Luis and Carino, Gina (translator) (2000). Fire and Memory: On Architecture and Energy. MIT Press.
(c) Fernández-Galiano, Luis. (1991). El Fuego y la Memoria: Sobre Arquitectura y Energía. Alianza.
2. (a) Salingaros, Nikos A. (1997). “Life and Complexity in Architecture from a Thermodynamic Analogy.” Physics Essays, Vol. 10, pgs. 165-73.
(b) Salinngaros, Nikos A.. (2007). A Theory of Architecture (ch. 5: Life and Complexity in Architecture from a Thermodynamic Analogy, pgs. 105-28). Contributors: Mehaffy, Michael W., Terry M. (Con.) Mikiten, Debora M. (Con.) Tejada, Hing-Sing Yu. Umbau-Verlag Harald Puschel.

Further reading
● Berkowitz, Alan R., Nilon, Charles H., Hollweg, Karen S. (2003). Understanding Urban Ecosystems: a New Frontier for Science and Education (ch. 8: Understanding Ecosystems: an Ecological Economics Perspective, section: “Ecological Economics and the Second Law”, by William R. Rees, pgs. 120-22). Springer.
● Kibert, Charles J., Sendzimir, Jan, Guy, G. Bradley. (2002). Construction Ecology: Nature as the Basis for Green Buildings (section: “Thermodynamics in biology and human organization”, pgs. 109-114, section: “Applying biological thermodynamics to buildings”, pgs. 118-19, by Timothy F.H. Allen). Taylor & Francis.
● Fathy, Hassan. (1986). Natural Energy and Vernacular Architecture: Principles and Examples with Reference to Hot Arid Climates (ch. 2: Architectural Thermodynamics and Human Comfort in Hot Climates). University of Chicago Press.

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Sadi-Carnot
Sadi-Carnot
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