In human thermodynamics, Mehdi Bazargan (1907-1995) was an Iranian engineer and thermodynamicist known for his efforts, mostly in the 1950s, to create a theory or science of a "thermodynamics of man" that would explain the teachings of Islam from a scientic point of view. [1] Bazargan’s 1969 Thermodynamics in Human Condition addressed the relation between individual morality and social movement. [7] An undergraduate student of Bazargan was Iranian-born American chemical engineer Ali Mansoori.

Bazargan’s essential goal was to confirm the truth of Islam, as taught in the Koran, on the basis of science. Specifically, according to 2004 author Seyed Taghavi, “the most important feature of Bazargan’s thought is his utilization of empirical sciences, and particularly thermodynamics, which was his own specialism, in his approach to Islam. No other Iranian thinker has drawn upon new sciences in the study of Islam as widely as he did.” [2]

Education
Bazargan was born in 1907 in Azerbaijan, though the exact date and details are not known. He studied engineering for six years at the University of Paris (École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures) in the 1930's and earned a degree in thermodynamics. He returned home in 1942 to teach at Teheran University, where he became known as one of Iran's best mathematicians and was awarded the chair of thermodynamics at the university's Technical College. [6]

Theories
Most of his conceptions, although biased in a detrimental manner by the supposed basis of deity (the infinite entity), are fairly humorous, mostly metaphor, and built on fudge-factor types of thermodynamic equations. In his article, “The Youth’s Islam [Islam-e Javan]”, for example, he discussed the Helmholtz free energy formula:

W = U – TS

and replaced W, or effective energy (free energy), with human power of movement and production, U, or initial internal energy, with desire, need for love, T, or temperature, with value of possessions, and S, or entropy, with the amount of possessions. Then he tried to apply this formula to some Islamic moral teachings, and concluded that Islam intends to increase the human power of movement and production. Below are a few other examples:

Free will
In relation to free will, for example, Bazargan states: “when dealing with human societies and humans with free will, thermodynamic law and formulae require a coefficient, which can be called a balancing coefficient and is less than 1 in unbalanced societies and more than 1 in societies governed by true religions and affections.” [3]

Cessation thermodynamics
In relation to cessation thermodynamics, Bazargan states: [4]

“Thermodynamics might be able to say, though very vaguely, if there is going to be a resurrection and another world, how this may occur and what the other world may look like … In this way, we may be able to examine to what extent the signs of the other world, as provided by the prophets, are plausible. If these signs about the resurrection, paradise and hell form a reasonable and sensible related collection that new sciences, to some extent, affirm, then such beliefs are not baseless."

References
1. Taghavi, Sehed M. (2004). The Flourishing of Islamic Reformism in Iran: Political Islamic Groups in Iran (1941-61), (pgs. 1-100). Routledge.
2. Ibid. pg. 82.
3. (a) Taghavi, Sehed M. (2004). The Flourishing of Islamic Reformism in Iran: Political Islamic Groups in Iran (1941-61), (pg. 96). Routledge.
(b) Bazargan, Eshq va Parastesh ya Thermodynamic-e Ensan, 87.
4. (a) Bazargan, Eshq va Parastesh ya Thermodynamic-e Ensan, 159.
(b) Taghavi, Sehed M. (2004). The Flourishing of Islamic Reformism in Iran: Political Islamic Groups in Iran (1941-61), (pg. 84). Routledge.
5. Taghavi, Sehed M. (2004). The Flourishing of Islamic Reformism in Iran: Political Islamic Groups in Iran (1941-61), (pg. 88). Routledge.
6. Mehdi Bazargan, Former Iran Premier, Dies – New York Times. January 21, 1995.
7. Chall, Leo P. (1999) “Title” (pg. 984). Sociological Abstracts, Vol. 47, Issue 2.

Further reading
● Bazargan, Mahdi. (1979). Man and Islam. Free Islamic Literatures.
● Bazargan, Mahdi. (1956). Eshq va Parastesh ya Thermodynami-e Ensan (Love and Worship or Thermodynamics of Man). Tehran.
● Bazargan, Mehdi. (1978). Love and Devotion: or the Thermodynamics of Humanity. Publisher.
● Lotfalian, Mazyar. (2004). Islam, Technoscientific Identities, and the Culture of Curiosity (ch. 3: A Techno-Cosmopolitan in the Context of the Secular State: The Discourse of a Muslim Engineer/Politician, pgs. 31-53). University Press of America.
● Dabashi, Hamid. (2006). Theology of Discontent: The Ideological Foundation of the Islamic Revolution in Iran (section: The Thermodynamics of Mehdi Bazargan, pgs. 332-33). Transaction Publishers.

External links
● Mehdi Bazargan – Wikipedia.